Waterlogging Effects on Soybean Physiology and Hyperspectral Reflectance during the Reproductive Stage

In humid climates, waterlogging from excessive rainfalls can be a major limiting factor for soybean production, particularly during the reproductive stage. However, there is limited understanding of how growth and physiology respond to this critical Here, we investigated effects subsequent reoxygenation on growth, physiology, yields, leaf hyperspectral reflectance traits cultivar ‘Asgrow AG5332’. The crop was grown stage R1 (initial flowering) in outdoor pot culture conditions, then waterlogged 16 days. flooded pots were drained continuously monitored recovery an additional results showed that soil oxygen levels declined rapidly zero about 5 days after waterlogging, slowly recovered 5–16 it did not reach same level as control plants, which maintained concentration 18%. Increasing duration negatively affected chlorophyll index, water potential, stomatal conductance, with consequent decline photosynthetic rate. Further, decreased rate, area, mineral nutrients resulted lower biomass seed yield. Pod dry weight number most least sensitive parameters, respectively, decreasing by 81% 15% waterlogging. Waterlogged plants also had higher PAR, blue, green, red regions, near-infrared, tissue, band indicating changes chemistry pigment content. current study reveals susceptible stage, due poor physiological parameters. Understanding integrating data could used develop improved cultivars ensure stability production waterlogging-prone areas.